B.Sc. PHYSICS SYLLABUS UNDER CBCS

For Mathematics Combinations

[2020-21 Batch onwards]

I Year B.Sc.-Physics:  I Semester

Course I: MECHANICS, WAVES AND OSCILLATIONS

Work load:60 hrs per semester                                                        4 hrs/week

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Course outcomes:

On successful completion of this course, the students will be able to:

• Understand Newton’s laws of motion and motion of variable mass system and its application to rocket motion and the concepts of impact parameter, scattering cross
• Apply the rotational kinematic relations, the principle and working of gyroscope and it applications and the precessional motion of a freely rotating symmetric
• Comprehend the general characteristics of central forces and the application of Kepler’s laws to describe the motion of planets and satellite in circular orbit through the study of law of
• Understand postulates of Special theory of relativity and its consequences such as length contraction, time dilation, relativistic mass and mass-energy
• Examine phenomena of simple harmonic motion and the distinction between undamped, damped and forced oscillations and the concepts of resonance and quality factor with reference to damped harmonic
• Appreciate the formulation of the problem of coupled oscillations and solve them to obtain normal modes of oscillation and their frequencies in simple mechanical systems.
• Figure out the formation of harmonics and overtones in a stretched string and acquire the knowledge on Ultrasonic waves, their production and detection and their applications in different

UNIT-I:

1. Mechanics of Particles (5 hrs)

Review of Newton’s Laws of Motion, Motion of variable mass system, Motion of a rocket, Multistage rocket, Concept of impact parameter, scattering cross-section.

2.   Mechanics of Rigid bodies            (7 hrs)

Rigid body, rotational kinematic relations, Equation of motion for a rotating body, Angular momentum and Moment of inertia tensor, Euler equations, Precession of a spinning top, Gyroscope, Precession of atom and nucleus in magnetic field, Precession of the equinoxes

Unit-II:

3. Motion in a Central Force Field (12hrs)

Central forces, definition and examples, characteristics of central forces, conservative nature of central forces, Equation of motion under a central force, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion- Proofs, Motion of satellites, Basic idea of Global Positioning System (GPS), weightlessness, Physiological effects of astronauts

UNIT-III:

4. Relativistic Mechanics (12hrs)

Introduction to relativity, Frames of reference, Galilean transformations, absolute frames, Michelson-Morley experiment, negative result, Postulates of Special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformation, time dilation, length contraction, variation of mass with velocity, Einstein’s mass-energy relation

Unit-IV:

5. Undamped, Damped and Forced oscillations: (07 hrs) Simple harmonic oscillator and solution of the differential equation, Damped harmonic oscillator, Forced harmonic oscillator – Their differential equations and solutions, Resonance, Logarithmic decrement, Relaxation time and Quality

6.   Coupled oscillations:              (05 hrs)

Coupled oscillators-Introduction, Two coupled oscillators, Normal coordinates and Normal modes.

Unit-V:

7. Vibrating Strings: (07 hrs)

Transverse wave propagation along a stretched string, General solution of wave equation and its significance, Modes of vibration of stretched string clamped at ends.

8.   Ultrasonics:           (05 hrs)

Ultrasonics, General Properties of ultrasonic waves, Production of ultrasonics by piezoelectric and magnetostriction methods, Detection of ultrasonics, Applications of ultrasonic waves, SONAR

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• Sc. Physics, Vol.1, Telugu Academy, Hyderabad
• Fundamentals of Physics Vol. I – Resnick, Halliday, Krane ,Wiley India 2007
• College Physics-I. T. Bhimasankaram and G. Prasad. Himalaya Publishing
• University Physics-FW Sears, MW Zemansky& HD Young,Narosa Publications, Delhi
• Mechanics, S.G.Venkatachalapathy, Margham Publication,
• Waves and Oscillations. N. Subramanyam and Brijlal,
• Unified Physics – Waves and Oscillations, Jai PrakashNath&Co.Ltd.
• Waves & Oscillations. S.Badami, V. Balasubramanian and K.R. Reddy, Orient Longman.
• The Physics of Waves and Oscillations, N.K.Bajaj, Tata McGraw Hill
• Science and Technology of Ultrasonics- Baldevraj, Narosa, New Delhi,2004