B.Sc. PHYSICS SYLLABUS UNDER CBCS I YEAR B.Sc.-II SEMESTER
[2020-21 Batch onwards]
Course II: WAVE OPTICS
(For Non-Maths Combinations)
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Course outcomes:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- Explain about the different aberrations in lenses and discuss the methods of minimizing
- Understand the phenomenon of interference of light and its formation in Lloyd’s single mirror Thin films and Newton’s
- Distinguish between Fresnel’s diffraction and Fraunhoffer diffraction and observe the diffraction patterns in the case of single slit and the diffraction
- Describe the construction and working of zone plate and make the comparison of zone plate with convex
- Explain the various methods of production of plane, circularly and polarized light and their detection and the concept of optical
- Comprehend the basic principles of laser and fibre optic communication and their applications.
UNIT –I: Geometric optics (12 hrs)
Aberrations in lenses-Chromatic Aberration-Achromatic Combination of lenses- Monochromatic defects-Spherical aberration-Astigmatism; Coma; Curvature and Distortion- Minimizing aberration.
UNIT-II: Interference (12 hrs)
The superposition principle, Condition for Interference, Classification of Interferences methods-Young’s double slit experiment-Theory, Intensity in interference pattern- Phase change on reflection ; Lloyd’s single mirror; Interference due to plane parallel wedge shaped films, Colours in thin films-Newton rings, Determination of wavelength of light using Newton’s rings.
UNIT-III: Diffraction (12 hrs)
Fresnel and Fraunhoffer diffraction phenomena, Differences between interference and diffraction, Fraunhoffer diffraction of single Slit;Diffraction grating- Determination of wavelength of light using diffraction grating (Normal incidence and Minimum deviation); Resolving power; Zone plate-construction and its comparison with convex lens
UNIT-IV: Polarization (12 hrs)
Polarized light: Production of plane polarized light by reflection, Double refraction; Brewster’s law; Malus law; Nicol prism; Nicol prism as polarizer and analyzer- Quarter wave plate, Half wave plate- Optical activity, determination of specific rotation by Laurent’s half shade polarimeter
UNIT V: Lasers& Fiber Optics(12 hrs)
Lasers-characteristics; Stimulated and Spontaneous emission, Population inversion, Laser principle, Ruby laser, He-Ne laser, Applications of lasers
Introduction to fibres, Different types of fibres, Principles of fiber communication (qualitative treatment only), Advantages of optical fibre communication
REFERENCE BOOKS
- BSc Physics, Vol.2, Telugu Academy, Hyderabad
- Physics for Biology and Premedical Students –D.N. Burns & SGG Mac Donald
- Unified Physics Vol.II, Optics and Thermodynamics, JaiPrakash Nath & Co.Ltd., Meerut.
- Optics, AjoyGhatak, Tata Mc Graw-Hill.
- Fundamentals of Optics, H.R. Gulati and D.R. Khanna, 1991, R. Chand Publication
- Introduction of Lasers – Avadhanulu, S.Chand&
- Principles of Optics- BK Mathur, Gopala Printing Press, 1995